Impact of Fear of COVID-19 on Employee Productivity and Work Satisfaction - A case study from the Banking Sector of Pakistan

Authors

  • Nabeela Adeel Undergraduate student Institute of Business Administration (IBA) University of Karachi ,Pakistan.
  • Rameen Shahzad Undergraduate student Institute of Business Administration (IBA) University of Karachi ,Pakistan.
  • Rida Taimur Undergraduate student Institute of Business Administration (IBA) University of Karachi ,Pakistan.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.22555/ijelcs.v8i1.866

Keywords:

Covid 19, Employee Productivity, Work satisfaction, Banking Sector, PLSEM Technique

Abstract

A Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) analytical approach is used, to explore the present research influence of COVID-19 fear on job satisfaction and productivity among workers at an ABC Bank branch in Pakistan. The sample data of 230 employees were analyzed to determine if COVID-19 had any effect on employee satisfaction and productivity, as well as if satisfaction influenced productivity. Cross-sectional data were collected through self-report questionnaires and an interview. The research was focused on Pakistan’s banking industry, which includes 29 banks, and used PLS-SEM as a data analysis method. Results indicate that COVID-19 did not have a significant impact on either satisfaction or productivity. However, the study highlights the varying degrees of awareness of COVID-19 and its spread, which can cause different levels of psychological and behavioral effects. Overall, this research contributes to the existing literature on COVID-19 and its impact on employee well-being and work performance. The Qualitative findings support the finding of quantitative research findings

References

Ahorsu, D. K., Lin, C.-Y., Imani, V., Saffari, M., Griffiths, M. D., & Pakpour, A. H. (2020). The fear of COVID-19 scale: Development and initial validation. International Journal of Mental Health and Addiction, 1–9.

Anjum, S. I. (2021, February 23). Banking Results 2019—KPMG Pakistan. KPMG. ttps://home.kpmg/pk/en/home/insights/2020/06/bankingresults2019.html.

Anser, M. K., Yousaf, Z., Khan, M. A., Sheikh, A. Z., Nassani, A. A., Abro, M. M. Q., & Zaman, K. (2020). Communicable Diseases (Including COVID-19)—Induced Global Depression: Caused by Inadequate Healthcare Expenditures, Population Density, and Mass Panic. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 398.

Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 16(1), 74–94.

Bakotic, D., Babic, T., & Graduate Student, E. (2013). Relationship between Working Conditions and Job Satisfaction: The Case of Croatian Shipbuilding Company. International Journal of Business and Social Science, 4(2), 206-2013. www.ijbssnet.com.

Bartik, A. W., Bertrand, M., Cullen, Z., Glaeser, E. L., Luca, M., & Stanton, C. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on small business outcomes and expectations. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 117(30), 17656–17666.

https://doi.org/10.1073/PNAS.2006991117/SUPPL_FILE/PNAS.2006991117.SAPP.PDF.

Carnevale, J. B., & Hatak, I. (2020). Employee adjustment and well-being in the era of COVID-19: Implications for human resource management. Journal of Business Research, 116, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2020.05.037

Research, 116, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2020.05.037.

Chin, W. (1998). Modern Methods for Business Research - Google Books. https://www.scirp.org//reference/ReferencesPapers.aspx?ReferenceID=534264, 295-336.

Davidescu, A. A. M., Apostu, S. A., Paul, A., & Casuneanu, I. (2020). Work Flexibility, Job Satisfaction, and Job Performance among Romanian Employees—Implications for Sustainable Human Resource Management. Sustainability 2020, 12(15), 6086. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU12156086.

Dirisu, J., Worlu, R., Osibanjo, A., Salau, O., Borishade, T., Meninwa, S., & Atolagbe, T. (2018). An integrated dataset on organisational culture, job satisfaction and performance in the hospitality industry. Data in Brief, 19, 317–321. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DIB.2018.04.137.

Dugguh, S. I. (2014). Job satisfaction theories: Traceability to employee performance in organizations. 16, 11–18. www.iosrjournals.orgwww.iosrjournals.org.

Erer, B. (2020). Impact of Covid-19 Fear on Employee Performance. Journal of Current Researches on Social Sciences (JoCReSS), 10(4). https://doi.org/10.26579/jocress.412.

Follmer, E. H., Talbot, D. L., Kristof-Brown, A. L., Astrove, S. L., & Billsberry, J. (2018). Resolution, Relief, and Resignation: A Qualitative Study of Responses to Misfit at Work. Https://Doi.Org/10.5465/Amj.2014.0566, 61(2), 440–465. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMJ.2014.0566.

Fornell, C., & Bookstein, F. L. (1982). Two Structural Equation Models: LISREL and PLS Applied to Consumer Exit-Voice Theory. Https://Doi.Org/10.1177/002224378201900406, 19(4), 440–452. https://doi.org/10.1177/002224378201900406

Hamouche, S. (2020). COVID-19 and employees’ mental health: stressors, moderators and agenda for organizational actions. Emerald Open Research, 2, 15. https://doi.org/10.35241/EMERALDOPENRES.13550.1.

Henningsen, L., Horvath, L. K., & Jonas, K. (2022). Affirmative Action Policies in Academic Job Advertisements: Do They Facilitate or Hinder Gender Discrimination in Hiring Processes for Professorships? Sex Roles, 86(1–2), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11199-021-01251-4/FIGURES/2.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 43(1), 115–135. https://doi.org/10.1007/S11747-014-0403-8/FIGURES/8.

Junaidi, A. (2020, December). Pakistan virus cases cross 5,000 mark - Pakistan - DAWN.COM. https://www.dawn.com/news/1548527.

Khassawneh, O., Mohammad, T., & Momany, M. T. (2022). Perceived Overqualification and Job Outcomes: The Moderating Role of Manager Envy. Sustainability 2023, Vol. 15, Page 84. https://doi.org/10.3390/SU15010084.

Kim, E. S., & Chung, J. B. (2022). Assembling good citizenship under Korean COVID-19 surveillance. Https://Doi.Org/10.1080/19460171.2022.2056068, 17(1), 123–141. https://doi.org/10.1080/19460171.2022.2056068.

Ko, Y. J., & Choi, J. N. (2019). Overtime work as the antecedent of employee satisfaction, firm productivity, and innovation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 40(3), 282–295. https://doi.org/10.1002/JOB.2328.

Labrague, L. J., & de los Santos, J. A. A. (2021). Fear of COVID-19, psychological distress, work satisfaction and turnover intention among frontline nurses. Journal of Nursing Management, 29(3), 395–403. https://doi.org/10.1111/JONM.13168.

Library, W. O., Elke, H., & Bos-Brouwers, J. (2010). Corporate sustainability and innovation in SMEs: Evidence of themes and activities in practice. Business Strategy and the Environment, 19(7), 417–435. https://doi.org/10.1002/BSE.652.

Pimentel, D., & Pereira, A. (2022). Emotion Regulation and Job Satisfaction Levels of Employees Working in Family and Non-Family Firms. Administrative Sciences 2022, Vol. 12, Page 114. https://doi.org/10.3390/ADMSCI12030114.

Reclaim. (2022). Job Satisfaction & Productivity: Rituals for Positive Work Culture | Reclaim. https://reclaim.ai/blog/job-satisfaction-productivity.

Salimova, G., Ableeva, A., Galimova, A., Bakirova, R., Lubova, T., Sharafutdinov, A., & Araslanbaev, I. (2022). Recent trends in labor productivity. Employee Relations, 44(4), 785–802. https://doi.org/10.1108/ER-03-2021-0111/FULL/XML.

Shah, S. H. A., Haider, A., Jindong, J., Mumtaz, A., & Rafiq, N. (2022). The Impact of Job Stress and State Anger on Turnover Intention Among Nurses During COVID-19: The Mediating Role of Emotional Exhaustion. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 6349. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYG.2021.810378/BIBTEX.

Shoaib, M. (2021). Green human resource management and green human capital: a systematic literature review. https://doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2021.649.

Soeprijanto, S., Diamah, A., & Rusmono, R. (2022). The effect of digital literacy, self-awareness, and career planning on engineering and vocational teacher education students’ learning achievement. JOTSE, ISSN-e 2013-6374, Vol. 12, No. 1, 2022, Págs. 172-190. https://doi.org/10.3926/jotse.1434.

Stanley L.Brodsky. (2013). Handbook of Scales for Research in Crime and Delinquency - Stanley L. Brodsky, H. O’Neal Smitherman - Google Books. https://books.google.com.pk/books.

Su, R., Murdock, C., & Rounds, J. (2015). Person-environment fit. APA Handbook of Career Intervention, Volume 1: Foundations., 81–98. https://doi.org/10.1037/14438-005.

Uddin, M., Chowdhury, A., Anderson, K., & Chaudhuri, K. (2021). The effect of COVID – 19 pandemic on global stock market volatility: Can economic strength help to manage the uncertainty? Journal of Business Research, 128, 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JBUSRES.2021.01.061.

Wahyuhadi, J., Hidayah, N., & Aini, Q. (2023). Remuneration, Job Satisfaction, and Performance of Health Workers During the COVID-19 Pandemic Period at the Dr. Soetomo Hospital Surabaya, Indonesia. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Volume 16, 701–711. https://doi.org/10.2147/PRBM.S396717.

Wang, C., Wang, D., Abbas, J., Duan, K., & Mubeen, R. (2021). Global Financial Crisis, Smart Lockdown Strategies, and the COVID-19 Spillover Impacts: A Global Perspective Implications From Southeast Asia. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 12, 1099. https://doi.org/10.3389/FPSYT.2021.643783/BIBTEX.

Wu, M.-L. (2020). Examining the Internal Determinants of Profitability of Commercial Banks in China: A Panel Data Modeling Based Empirical Study. PP 1-12 Www.Arcjournals.Org International Journal of Managerial Studies and Research, 8(3). https://doi.org/10.20431/2349-0349.0803001.

Yao, H., Haris, M., & Tariq, G. (2018). Profitability Determinants of Financial Institutions: Evidence from Banks in Pakistan. International Journal of Financial Studies 2018, Vol. 6, Page 53, 6(2), 53. https://doi.org/10.3390/IJFS6020053.

Additional Files

Published

2023-06-27

Issue

Section

Case Studies

How to Cite

Adeel, N., Shahzad , R. ., & Taimur , R. . (2023). Impact of Fear of COVID-19 on Employee Productivity and Work Satisfaction - A case study from the Banking Sector of Pakistan. International Journal of Experiential Learning & Case Studies, 8(1), 48-67. https://doi.org/10.22555/ijelcs.v8i1.866

Similar Articles

1-10 of 61

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.

Most read articles by the same author(s)