A Design and implementation of a sustainable microcontroller based solar power automatic water irrigation control and monitoring system

Abstract

The major cause of the shortage of land reserve water owing to the lack of rainfall makes the proper operation of irrigation
systems extremely important. A major concern for farmers these days is water scarcity. Pakistan is an important agricul
tural nation and major part of economy depend on agriculture. This study analyses the soil moisture monitoring and
automatic plant watering system since it is really helpful in all kinds of weather. In this study a prototype is design and
implement using Arduino-based automation sensors are employed for the control and observation of a solar powered
smart irrigation system. An Arduino based remote irrigation system developed for the agricultural plantation, which is
placed at a remote location and requires water, provides for plantation when the moisture of the earth drives under the
set-point rate which turns on the pump on autopilot. An estimation was carried for solar power energy potential agriculture
system condition using soil and humidity sensors. The measurements and mathematical formulation were observed to
monitor effectivity of solar based power generation. This analysis is conducted for 20 Watt power panel integrated with
5-watt electrical drive with battery capacity 1200 m-Ah. A modified energy model was used to determine the agricultural
load for a 5-watt dc motor. The results showed a cumulative analysis to implement this system inspired by smart sustain
able clean renewable energy technologies which meet the farmer’s demands significantly increase the productivity of
farming and reduce wastage of water and energy.