School Heads’ Perceptions About Their Leadership Styles
Keywords:
instructional leadership, moral leadership, school leadership, transformation leadershipAbstract
This study explored school heads’ perceptions regarding their school leadership styles. The study adopted a qualitative research design. The sample of the study consisted of 10 male and 10 female head teachers from Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews. Findings revealed that school heads adopted a number of leadership styles. The main leadership styles included instructional leadership, transformational leadership and moral leadership. These different leadership styles were adopted keeping in view the needs of different situations that heads found themselves working in. The study has important implications for school management, schoolteachers, researchers and policy makers.
References
Akbulut, M., Seggie, F. N. & Börkan, B. (2015). Faculty member perceptions of department
head leadership effectiveness at a state university in Turkey. International Journal
of Leadership in Education, 18(4), 440–463.
Bahadur, W., Amir, B., Waheed, Z., & Abdul Nasir, K. (2017). Multiple-oriented leadership
behvior and school performance: A Multiple-case study. Malaysian Online Journal
of Educational Management, 5(2), 25–41.
Bass, B. M. (1985). Leadership and Performance Beyond Expectations. New York: The
Free Press.
Begum, N., Jan, F. A., & Khan, S.-U.-D. (2013). Women in leadership: An examination of
transformational leadership, gender role orientation and leadership effectiveness
(A case study of Pakistan and Turkey). Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 29(2), 307-
Branson, C. M., Baig, S., & Begum, A. (2015). Personal values of principals and their
manifestation in student behaviour: A district-level study in Pakistan. Educational
Management Administration and Leadership, 43(1), 107-128.
Bryman, A. (2008). Social Research Methods. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Crum, K. S., Sherman, W. H., & Myran, S. (2009). Best practices of successful elementary
school leaders. Journal of Educational Administration, 48(1), 48–63.
Geraki, A. (2014). Roles and skills comparison among principals in greek schools:
Application of competing values framework. Educational Management
Administration and Leadership, 42(4), 45-64.
Hallinger, P. (2003). Leading educational change: Reflections on the practice of instructional
and transformational leadership. Cambridge Journal of Education, 33(3), 329–352.
Hallinger, P. (2007). Research on the practice of instructional and transformational
leadership : Retrospect and prospect. In The Leadership Challenge - Improving
learning in schools. ACER Research Conference, Australia.
Harris, A. (2004). Distributed leadership and school improvement: Leading or misleading?
Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 32(1), 11–24.
Hussin, S., & Waheed, Z. (2016). Rising to prominence and excellence : A conceptual
model of school transformation. In NTED 2016 (pp. 3221–3231). Valencia, Spain.
Ismail, A., & Abdullah, A. G. K. (2012). A journey to excellence: A case of Ulu Lubai
national primary school in Limbang Sarawak, Malaysia. Procedia Social and
Behavioral Sciences, 69, 1309-1313.
Khaki, J. E. A., & Safdar, Q. (2010). Educational leadership in Pakistan: Ideals and
realities. Karachi: Oxford University Press.
Khan, P., & Iqbal, M. (2013). An analysis of principals’ interventions for school
effectiveness: Principals’ perspectives. Dialogue, 8(4), 420-438.
Khan, S., & Anjum, M. A. (2013). Role of leadership style and its impact on getting
competitive advantage. European Journal of Applied Sciences, 5(2), 53-61.
Khan, W., Ahmad, S. M., & Iqbal, M. (2014). School excellence: Principals’ perceptions
and students’ expectations. FUW Journal of Social Sciences, 8(2), 15-25.
Lazaridou, A., & Beka, A. (2015). Personality and resilience characteristics of Greek
primary school principals. Educational Management Administration and
Leadership, 43(5), 772-791.
Leithwood, K., & Sun, J. (2012). The Nature and effects of transformational school
leadership: A Meta-Analytic review of unpublished research. Educational
Administration Quarterly, 48(3), 387–423.
Lopez, E. S., & Ensari, N. (2014). The effects of leadership style, organizational outcome,
and gender on attributional bias towards leaders. Jouranl of Leadership Studies,
(2), 19-35.
Marks, H. M., & Printy, S. M. (2003). Principal leadership and school performance:
An integration of transformational and instructional leadership. Educational
Administration Quarterly, 39(3), 370–397.
Michel, J. W., Lyons, B. D., & Cho, J. (2010). Is the Full-Range Model of Leadership
really a full-range model of effective leader behavior? Journal of Leadership &
Organizational Studies, 18(4), 493–507.
Miller, C. M., & Martin, B. N. (2015). Principal preparedness for leading in demographically
changing schools: Where is the social justice training? Educational Management
Adminisration and Leadership, 43(1), 129-151.
Mulford, B. (2008). The leadership challenge : Improving learning in schools. Australian
Education Review: ACER Press.
Niazi, S. (2012). School leadership and educational practices in Pakistan. Academic
Research International, 3(2), 312-319.
Rehman, A. (2018). A study of career trajectories of school teachers who become school
headmasters and principals (Unpublished doctoral thesis). Qurtuba University of
Science and Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2020 Journal of Education and Educational Development

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.















